河野 想大

Effects of Size of Room on Subjective Sense of Time

This study investigated the effects of size, which is a fundamental component, of space on sense of time by a subject experiment using virtual environmental technology. Through the analysis of experimental results, we aim to obtain knowledge for practical control method of sense of time in a space design.

Eight subjects wearing a head-mounted-display experienced three sized cubic-rooms (X2: 2x2x2m, X4: 4x4x4m, X8: 8x8x8m) and a floor-only space (Base-Condition) in virtual environment. The timer built in the environment was programmed to be able to start and stop by pressing space-key on a keyboard. Subjects were divided into two groups of four people each, and the order of the conditions was changed for each group (Group A: X2-X4-X8, Group B: X8-X4-X2). First, subject entered Base-Condition and were asked to measure "Standard-Time", by stopping the timer when they feel that 60 seconds have passed. After that, the same measurement was performed twice in each three sized cubic rooms.

The time measured here was called "Playback-Time" and subjects were asked to measure it by pressing key when they feel that the same length of time has elapsed as Standard-Time. By comparing and analyzing of the difference between Standard-Time and Playback-Time in each condition, the following things were found. In group A, the sense of time in X4 was significantly longer than it in X8. This result indicated that the subjective time passes slowly in a larger space (like as 8m-height, 8m-width, and 8m-depth) than usual. And in X4 condition, the sense of time in Group B was significantly longer than the one of Group A. This result indicated that the sense of time was influenced by the order of presentation of the experimental space. It might be possible to control the sense of time by the size and the presenting order of space.

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空間の大きさ が感覚時間に及ぼす影響

本研究では、没入型仮想環境技術を用いた被験者実験を通して、天井の高さが感覚時間に与える影響を検証する。実験結果を定量的に分析することで、感覚的指標を操作するための空間操作手法に関する知見を得ることを本研究の目的とする。

人の感覚時間は、心理状態に依存していると考えられている。藤本らは、屋外の休息空間において感じる感覚時間と場所の特性との関係を調査している。感情評価アンケートから導出された被験者の心理的状態と、60秒の感覚時間との関係を検証したところ、「くつろぎ」「楽しさ」がある空間では、「苛立ち」「退屈」がある空間より感覚時間が長くなることを明らかにした。もし、空間の特性が人の感覚時間に影響を与えるのであれば、建築設計において、主要な空間での感覚時間が長くなるように計画することで、利用する人に心理的に良好な効果を与え、建築空間をより好ましく感じさせることができると考える。

研究成果

• 河野想大, 吉岡陽介: 天井の高さが変化する 3 種類の仮想空間における感覚的な時間の長さの比較, 日本建築学会大会(2021)

• Effects of Change of Ceiling Height on Subjective Sense of Time: Sodai Kono, Yohsuke Yoshioka, Advances in Ergonomics in Design 261 779-785 2021年7月

• 河野想大, 吉岡陽介: 大きさの異なる 3 種類の仮想空間における感覚的な時間の長さの比較,日本建築学会大会(2020)

• Sodai Kono, Yohsuke Yoshioka: Effects of Size of Room on Subjective Sense of Time, IAPS2020, Quebec (online)